2021 05 v.25;No.144 271-278+282
废旧磷酸铁锂电池正极材料回收技术进展
基金项目(Foundation):
邮箱(Email):
DOI:
中文作者单位:
广东工业大学材料与能源学院;
摘要(Abstract):
为了实现碳达峰、碳中和目标,建立清洁低碳的能源体系,人们对清洁储能材料的需求量日渐增大。锂离子电池相较其它储能器件具有输出电压高、使用寿命长等诸多优势,已广泛应用到各个领域。其中磷酸铁锂电池安全性较高,占据了较大的市场份额。然而,随着时间的推移,大规模磷酸铁锂电池退役的时间即将到来,如何处置和利用这些废旧电池,已成为当前行业亟需解决的问题之一。本文对目前的废旧磷酸铁锂电池正极材料回收技术进行总结,对固相法、液相法、固-液结合法、机械力活化法、电化学法、微生物分解法等回收工艺流程以及效果进行说明,比较其优缺点并对回收技术的发展方向进行展望。
关键词(KeyWords):
废旧电池回收;;磷酸铁锂;;回收技术;;固相法;;固-液结合法
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参考文献
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[45]XIN Y,GUO X,CHEN S,et al.Bioleaching of Valuable Metals Li,Co,Ni and Mn from Spent Electric Vehicle Li-ion Batteries for the Purpose of Recovery[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2016,116:249-258.
[46]程洁红,张颢竞.无机酸浸出-生物淋滤协同回收锂离子电池中金属的方法:中国,CN108285980B[P].2019-07-23.
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[48]ZHANG L,WANG L,CHAI J.Influence of New Energy Vehicle Subsidy Policy on Emission Reduction of Atmospheric Pollutants:A Case Study of Beijing,China[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2020,275:124069.
[49]DONG F,LIU Y.Policy Evolution and Effect Evaluation of New-energy Vehicle Industry in China[J].Resources Policy,2020,67:101655.
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[3]贾磊.2016—2020年全球磷酸铁锂电池市场报告[J].无机盐工业,2016,48(11):34.
[4]贾磊.磷酸铁锂电池市场预测[J].无机盐工业,2015,47(03):41.
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[7] BI H,ZHU H,ZU L,et al.Environment-friendly Technology for Recovering Cathode Materials from Spent Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries[J].Waste Management&Research:The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy,2020,38(8):911-920.
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[10]GUO Y,LI F,ZHU H,et al.Leaching Lithium from the Anode Electrode Materials of Spent Lithium-ion Batteries by Hydrochloric Acid(HCl)[J].Waste Management&Research:The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy,2016,51:227-233.
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[14]赵鹤,韩策,程小露,等.采用阳极预锂化技术的锂离子电池高倍率老化容量衰减机理研究[J].储能科学与技术,2021,10(2):454-461.
[15]SUN Q,LI X,ZHANG H,et al.Resynthesizing LiFePO4/C Materials from the Recycled Cathode Via a Green Fullsolid Route[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2020,818.
[16]卞都成,刘树林,孙永辉,等.废旧LiFePO4正极材料的循环利用及电化学性能[J].硅酸盐学报,2015,43(11):1511-1516.
[17]卞都成,刘树林,田院.固相补锂法再利用废旧LiFePO4正极材料及电化学性能[J].无机盐工业,2016,48(2):71-74.
[18]陈永珍,黎华玲,宋文吉,等.废旧磷酸铁锂材料碳热还原固相再生方法[J].化工进展,2018,37(S1):133-140.
[19]谢英豪,余海军,欧彦楠,等.从废旧动力电池中回收制备磷酸铁锂[J].电源技术,2014,38(12):2239-2241+2257.
[20]杨秋菊,赵世超,王楠,等.废旧动力锂离子电池中磷酸铁锂的再生[J].电池,2014,44(1):60-62.
[21]SONG X,HU T,LIANG C,et al.Direct Regeneration of Cathode Materials from Spent Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries using a Solid Phase Sintering Method[J].RSC Advances,2017,7(8):4783-4790.
[22]SHANGGUAN E,FU S,WU S,et al.Evolution of Spent LiFePO4 Powders into LiFePO4/C/FeS Composites:A Facile and Smart Approach to Make Sustainable Anodes for Alkaline Ni-Fe Secondary Batteries[J].Journal of Power Sources,2018,403:38-48.
[23]乔延超,陈若葵,唐红辉,等.磷酸铁锂废料中磷、铁、锂的综合回收[J].矿冶工程,2018,38(3):118-122.
[24]LI H,XING S,LIU Y,et al.Recovery of Lithium,Iron,and Phosphorus from Spent LiFePO4 Batteries Using Stoichiometric Sulfuric Acid Leaching System[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2017,5(9):8017-8024.
[25]YANG Y,ZHENG X,CAO H,et al.A Closed-Loop Process for Selective Metal Recovery from Spent Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries through Mechanochemical Activation[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2017,5(11):9972-9980.
[26]HUANG Y,HAN G,LIU J,et al.A Stepwise Recovery of Metals from Hybrid Cathodes of Spent Li-ion Batteries with Leaching-flotation-precipitation Process[J].Journal of Power Sources,2016,325:555-564.
[27]CHEN X,CAO L,KANG D,et al.Recovery of Valuable Metals from Mixed Types of Spent Lithium ion Batteries.Part II:Selective Extraction of Lithium[J].Waste Management&Research:The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy,2018,80:198-210.
[28]张洋,郑诗礼,范兵强,等.一种低温液相法选择性回收废旧磷酸铁锂正极材料中锂的方法:中国,CN108470952B[P].2020-08-07.
[29]JING Q,ZHANG J,LIU Y,et al.Direct Regeneration of Spent LiFePO4 Cathode Material by a Green and Efficient One-Step Hydrothermal Method[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2020,8(48):17622-17628.
[30]郑显亮,乔延超,陈若葵,等.一种磷酸铁锂废料中锂的回收方法及其应用:中国,CN112678791A[P].2021-04-20.
[31]ZHANG J,HU J,LIU Y,et al.Sustainable and Facile Method for the Selective Recovery of Lithium from Cathode Scrap of Spent LiFePO4Batteries[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2019,7(6):5626-5631.
[32]BIAN D,SUN Y,LI S,et al.A Novel Process to Recycle Spent LiFePO4for Synthesizing LiFePO4/C Hierarchical Microflowers[J].Electrochimica Acta,2016,190:134-140.
[33]杨则恒,翁韶迎,张卫新,等.一种废旧磷酸铁锂电池正极材料修复再生的方法:中国,CN102208707B[P].2011-10-05.
[34]乔延超,唐红辉,陈若葵,等.一种磷酸铁锂废料的综合回收方法:中国,CN108642304B[P].2020-08-07.
[35]WANG X,WANG X,ZHANG R,et al.Hydrothermal Preparation and Performance of LiFePO4 by using Li3PO4 Recovered from Spent Cathode Scraps as Li Source[J].Waste Management&Research:The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy,2018,78:208-216.
[36]ZHENG R,ZHAO L,WANG W,et al.Optimized Li and Fe Recovery from Spent Lithium-ion Batteries Via a Solution-precipitation Method[J].RSC Advances,2016,6(49):43613-43625.
[37]曹乃珍,高洁,徐川,等.电化学法回收磷酸铁锂中的锂的方法:中国,CN105937038A[P].2016-09-14.
[38]LI Z,LIU D,XIONG J,et al.Selective Recovery of Lithium and Iron Phosphate/Carbon from Spent Lithium iron Phosphate Cathode Material by Anionic Membrane Slurry Electrolysis[J].Waste Management&Research:The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy,2020,107:1-8.
[39]YU J,WANG X,ZHOU M,et al.A Redox Targetingbased Material Recycling Strategy for Spent Lithium ion Batteries[J].Energy&Environmental Science,2019,12(9):2672-2677.
[40]杨则恒,张俊,吴情,等.废旧锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4/C的电化学修复再生[J].硅酸盐学报,2013,41(8):1051-1056.
[41]WANG T,YU X,FAN M,et al.Direct Regeneration of Spent LiFePO4 Via a Graphite Prelithiation Strategy[J].Chemical Communications(Camb),2019,56(2):245-248.
[42]ZHU P,YANG Z,ZHANG H,et al.Utilizing Egg Lecithin Coating to Improve the Electrochemical Performance of Regenerated Lithium Iron Phosphate[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2018,745:164-171.
[43]周玉琳,廖贻鹏,张桂海,等.一种废旧磷酸铁锂电池正极片的分离回收方法:中国,CN110085939A[P].2019-08-02.
[44]LIU K,TAN Q,LIU L,et al.Acid-Free and Selective Extraction of Lithium from Spent Lithium iron Phosphate Batteries via a Mechanochemically Induced Isomorphic Substitution[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2019,53(16):9781-9788.
[45]XIN Y,GUO X,CHEN S,et al.Bioleaching of Valuable Metals Li,Co,Ni and Mn from Spent Electric Vehicle Li-ion Batteries for the Purpose of Recovery[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2016,116:249-258.
[46]程洁红,张颢竞.无机酸浸出-生物淋滤协同回收锂离子电池中金属的方法:中国,CN108285980B[P].2019-07-23.
[47]HE J,CAI Z,ZHANG Y,et al.Effects of Energy Source on Bioleaching of Vanadium-bearing Shale by Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2019,151:107355.
[48]ZHANG L,WANG L,CHAI J.Influence of New Energy Vehicle Subsidy Policy on Emission Reduction of Atmospheric Pollutants:A Case Study of Beijing,China[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2020,275:124069.
[49]DONG F,LIU Y.Policy Evolution and Effect Evaluation of New-energy Vehicle Industry in China[J].Resources Policy,2020,67:101655.
基本信息:
DOI:
中图分类号:X705
引用信息:
[1]赵红伟,施志聪.废旧磷酸铁锂电池正极材料回收技术进展[J].电池工业,2021,25(05):271-278+282.
基金信息:
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