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硬碳作为钠离子电池的负极材料，因其成本低、储钠容量高等特点，被认为是极具研究价值的材料。生物质由于其天然的内部孔洞结构、丰富的资源，是制备硬碳的优良原料。然而，生物质中含有许多杂质，这会使电化学性能降低。本研究以低成本硬质槐木为原材料，利用硫酸进行预处理制得硬碳前驱体，以两步碳化法成功制备了硬碳负极材料。通过一系列表征发现，酸浸泡处理可以去除杂质并增加碳层间距。电化学测试结果表明，在低倍率下，可逆比容量可达294 mAh/g，平台容量为150 mAh/g，容量保持率为82%。与未用酸处理的材料相比，比容量得到了提升，首次库仑效率（ICE）也增加了10%左右。因此，生物质槐木硬碳经过硫酸处理后的可逆比容量得到了提升。
Abstract：Hard carbon, as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries, is considered to be a material of great research value because of its low cost and high sodium storage capacity. Biomass, with its natural internal pore structure and abundant resources, is an excellent raw material for the preparation of hard carbon, but there are many impurities in biomass, which reduce the electrochemical performance. In this study, low-cost hard acacia wood was used as the raw material, and sulfuric acid was used to pretreat the hard carbon precursor, and the two-step carbonization method was used to successfully prepare the hard carbon anode material, and a series of characterization showed that the impurities could be removed and the spacing of the carbon layers could be increased by using the acidsoaking treatment. The results of electrochemical tests show that the reversible specific capacity can reach 294 mAh/g at low multiplicity, the plateau capacity can reach 150 mAh/g, and the capacity retention rate is 82%, which improves the specific capacity and increases the first-circle efficiency(ICE) by about 10% compared with that of the untreated material with acid. Thus, the reversible specific capacity of biomass acacia hard carbon was improved after being treated with dilute sulfuric acid.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19996/j.cnki.ChinBatlnd.2025.01.007
中图分类号:TM912
引用信息:
[1]霍俊杰,毛武涛,鲍克燕.槐木生物质基硬碳的制备及储钠性能研究[J].电池工业,2025,29(01):31-36.DOI:10.19996/j.cnki.ChinBatlnd.2025.01.007.
基金信息: