为探究单轴与六轴振动台对实车振动工况的复现等效性，以某动力电池包为对象，在箱体对角挂载点布置加速度传感器，采集实车、单轴Z向、六轴台架三类振动载荷。通过60～80Hz相频特性与相对损伤分析，对比不同激励下结构动力学响应与疲劳损伤差异。结果显示：60～70Hz 是单轴激励共振区间，测点相位近180°跳变，对角测点损伤最高为实车90倍，存在严重过试验；70～80Hz单轴损伤显著不足，出现欠试验。六轴台架可复现多轴耦合振动，相位曲线平稳，全频段相对损伤接近1，等效性更优。该研究阐明两类台架与实车的响应差异及内在机理，可为动力电池振动耐久试验选型与有效性评价提供依据。

To explore the equivalence of vehicle vibration condition reproduction between single-axis and six-axis vibration tables， a power battery pack was taken as the research object. Acceleration sensors were installed at the diagonal mounting points of the pack enclosure to collect vibration load data under three working conditions: real vehicle operation， single-axis Z-direction excitation and six-axis table excitation. The differences in structural dynamic responses and fatigue damage under different excitations were compared by analyzing the phase-frequency characteristics (60–80 Hz) and relative damage.The results indicate that the frequency range of 60–70 Hz corresponds to the resonance region under single-axis excitation， where the phase of measuring points jumps to nearly 180°. The maximum fatigue damage at diagonal measuring points is 60 times that under real vehicle conditions， representing severe over-testing. In the 70–80 Hz band， the damage induced by single-axis excitation is remarkably insufficient， leading to under-testing. The six-axis vibration table can reproduce multi-axis coupled vibration with stable phase curves， and its relative damage across the full frequency band is close to 1， demonstrating superior equivalence to real vehicle conditions.This study clarifies the response discrepancies and underlying mechanisms between the two types of vibration tables and real vehicles. It provides a reference for the selection and effectiveness evaluation of vibration durability tests for power batteries.