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钠离子电池（SIBs）凭借其资源丰富、成本低廉、安全性高等优势，成为大规模储能应用领域的一颗新星。然而，SIBs在一些高海拔、温差大地域的应用一直受到低温环境的限制。在低温（LT）环境中，SIBs中的钠离子扩散和迁移速率减慢，严重影响电池的性能和安全性。因此，提升SIBs的低温性能具有重要意义，其中负极材料的合理设计和改性尤为关键。本文综述了近年来关于SIBs负极材料在低温下改性的研究进展，分析了负极材料在低温下面临的困难与挑战，并总结了3种有效的改性策略：结构优化、表/界面修饰和导电网络构建。通过上述改性手段，可以有效提升负极材料在低温环境中的电化学性能，尤其是在离子扩散速率、界面稳定性和结构完整性等方面。最后，展望未来低温SIBs潜在的研究方向，为拓展钠离子电池的应用提供参考。
Abstract：Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) are regarded as a promising choice for the large-scale energy storage applications due to their ample source, low cost, and high safety. However, the practical use of SIBs are limited, especially in some high-altitude and large temperature differences regions. In lowtemperature(LT) environments, the electrochemical performance and safety are compromised owing to the diffusion and migration rates of sodium ions in SIBs significantly decrease. Therefore, enhancing the LT performance of SIBs is crucial, with the rational design and modification of anodes materials being particularly critical. This paper review recent research progress of anode materials in LT environments, analyzed the difficulties and challenges faced by anode materials at LT, and three modification methods are overviewed. By means of various strategies such as structural optimization, surface/interfacial modification and conductive network engineering, electrochemical performance of anode materials can be effectively enhanced at LT. Significant improvements are manifested in enhanced ionic diffusion kinetics, stabilized electrode-electrolyte interface and reinforced structural integrity. Finally, future research directions for future LT SIBs are proposed, which provides references for promoting the application of SIBs.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19996/j.cnki.ChinBatlnd.2025.05.009
中图分类号:TB30;TM912
引用信息:
[1]张迈吉,崔国渠,王颢甫,等.低温钠离子电池负极材料研究进展[J].电池工业,2025,29(05):393-405+417.DOI:10.19996/j.cnki.ChinBatlnd.2025.05.009.
基金信息:
上海勘测设计研究院有限公司科研项目资助[2024CN(X-1)-001(ZBYF)]; 中国博士后科学基金第74批面上资助（2023M740899）; 2023年度国家资助博士后研究人员计划C档（GZC20233435）