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全固态电池电解质技术旨在突破锂离子电池能量密度与安全瓶颈。氧化物、硫化物、卤化物及聚合物电解质各具优势与挑战。氧化物电解质热稳定性好但界面接触不良；硫化物电解质离子传导快但空气稳定性差且成本高；卤化物电解质电化学窗口宽但湿气敏感；聚合物电解质柔韧易加工但室温电导率低。文中提出掺杂、3D打印、高模量材料及原位界面工程等策略提升性能。未来需聚焦材料创新、界面调控、工艺革新、系统集成与产学研协同。预计2030年前全固态电池将实现量产，能量密度≥500 Wh/kg，成本大幅降低，将为新能源汽车、智能电网及能源转型提供关键支撑，推动储能技术迈向高安全、高能量密度时代。
Abstract：The solid-state battery electrolyte technology aims to overcome the energy density and safety bottlenecks of lithium-ion batteries.Oxide,sulfide,halide and polymer electrolytes each have unique advantages and challenges.Oxide electrolytes exhibit good thermal stability but suffer from poor interfacial contact; sulfide electrolytes show rapid ion conduction but are air-sensitive and costly; halide electrolytes offer a wide electrochemical window yet are moisture-sensitive; polymer electrolytes are flexible and easy to process but have low roomtemperature conductivity.Research has proposed strategies such as doping,3D printing,highmodulus materials, and in-situ interface engineering to enhance performance. Future efforts should focus on material innovation, interface regulation, process innovation, system integration,and industry-academia-research collaboration.It is anticipated that by 2030,solidstate batteries will achieve mass production with an energy density of ≥500 Wh/kg and cost reduction, providing crucial support for new energy vehicles, smart grids, and energy transitions,and propelling energy storage technology into an era of high safety and high energy density.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19996/j.cnki.ChinBatlnd.2026.02.013
中图分类号:TM912
引用信息:
[1]施艳霞,司雅楠,邵俊华,等.全固态电池电解质研究进展及挑战[J].电池工业,2026,30(02):196-202.DOI:10.19996/j.cnki.ChinBatlnd.2026.02.013.
2025-04-22
2025-04-22
2025-04-22